2.8. Populations, Samples and Estimates -- 2.9. Exercises -- 2.10. Central Limit Theorem and t-distribution -- 2.11. Exercises -- 2.12. Central Limit Theorem in Practice -- 2.13. Exercises -- 2.14. t-tests in Practice -- 2.15. The t-distribution in Practice -- 2.16. Confidence Intervals -- 2.17. Power Calculations -- 2.18. Exercises -- 2.19. Monte Carlo Simulation -- 2.20. Parametric Simulations for the Observations -- 2.21. Exercises -- 2.22 Permutation Tests -- 2.23. Exercises -- 2.24. Association Tests -- 2.25. Exercises -- 3. Exploratory Data Analysis -- 3.1. Quantile Quantile Plots